Indonesia's seaborne coal exports will be a key driver of the dry bulk market in 2023, growing 10.2 per cent year-on-year. In its latest weekly report, shipbroker Banchero Costa said, "The global coal trade has really picked up pace in recent months and has now fully recovered to pre-event levels."
According to AXS Marine's vessel tracking data, global seaborne coal loadings (excluding coastal traffic) rose by 5.8% year-on-year to 1,339.5 million tonnes in January-December 2023, well above the exports of the previous three years, with Indonesia's exports up by 10.2% year-on-year to 494.6 million tonnes, Australia's exports up by 4.6% year-on-year to 344.1 million tonnes, and Russia's exports down by 2.1% year-on-year. Exports fell 2.1% year-on-year to 184.6 million tonnes; U.S. exports rose 16.7% year-on-year to 86.6 million tonnes; South Africa's exports rose 0.4% year-on-year to 60.8 million tonnes.
Indonesia is the world's largest seaborne coal exporter, accounting for 36.9 per cent of the global seaborne coal market in 2023," Banchero Costa said. Indonesia's coal exports are relatively weak in 2020 and 2021 due to disruptions from the New Crown epidemic and government policy favouring domestic consumption, but rebound to record levels in 2022 and continue to grow further in 2023."
The vast majority of Indonesia's coal exports are said to be loaded in East Kalimantan and South Kalimantan (Borneo), with some loading from southern Sumatra. The main coal export terminals in Indonesia are Taboneo/Banjarmasin (94.8 million tonnes), Muara Berau (40.9 million tonnes), Tanjung Bara (38.1 million tonnes), Samarinda (37.1 million tonnes), Muara Banyuasin (34.4 million tonnes), Balikpapan (30.1 million tonnes), Bunati (30 million tonnes), Muara Pantai (29.4 million tonnes), Adang Bay (21.8 million tonnes), Muara Satui (14.6 million tonnes), Tanjung Pemancingan (13.5 million tonnes), Sangkulirang ( 12.9 million tonnes), Senipah Terminal (11.6 million tonnes).
According to Banchero Costa, in 2023, 55 per cent of Indonesia's coal will be carried by Panamax bulk carriers, 37 per cent by ultra-handysize/handysize vessels and only 8 per cent by capesize. China remains the largest importer of Indonesian seaborne coal exports, accounting for 41.5 per cent of exports in 2023.
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